Characterizing the practice of group genetic counseling: A mixed-methods study of the current state of practice

The alternative service delivery model of group genetic counseling has been found to have similar patient outcomes, shorter patient wait time, and a more time-efficient patient-practitioner interaction compared to the traditional one-on-one model. Despite these documented benefits, there is limited research regarding the experience of group genetic counseling from the clinician's perspective. This mixed-methods study explored where and how the group genetic counseling service delivery model is being used, the experiences of clinicians, and insight into implementation. This study utilized quantitative data obtained from secondary data analysis of the 2024 Professional Status Survey (PSS) of the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC). Using a framework of interpretive description, qualitative data were collected from semistructured interviews of seven genetic counselors based on their experience providing group genetic counseling. Re-analysis of data from the PSS revealed group methods are utilized in a range of specialties, across all NSGC practice regions, and in a variety of environments from hospitals to commercial laboratories. From participant interviews, four core themes were identified: (1) Decision factors in implementation of group genetic counseling; (2) Perceived benefits of group genetic counseling; (3) Perceived limitations of group genetic counseling; and (4) Recommendations for the application of group genetic counseling. Clinician attitudes were generally favorable, citing enhanced efficiency, improved access to care, and a positive patient experience. Perspectives on telehealth group genetic counseling are described for the first time. Notable administrative barriers, such as increased follow-up and difficulty triaging and scheduling, were discussed, as well as suggestions to surmount these barriers. Findings highlight the importance of thoughtful implementation of this alternative service delivery model, considering the context and workflow, from scheduling to documentation, to be successful.