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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding06:44

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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

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Halogen bonding and hydrogen bonding fluorescent anion sensing at the solid-liquid interface.

Robert Hein1,2, Mohamed Sharafeldin1, Edward J Mitchell1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QZ UK paul.beer@chem.ox.ac.uk.

Chemical Science
|January 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel halogen bonding (XB) monolayer sensor for detecting anions at the solid-liquid interface using fluorescence. This reusable sensor works in both organic solvents and water, outperforming traditional hydrogen bonding sensors.

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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Halogen bonding (XB) is a key interaction for anion recognition in solution.
  • Translating XB anion sensing to practical devices, especially in water, requires material integration.
  • Current XB sensor applications often face limitations in water and reusability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop the first halogen bonding monolayer architecture for anion detection at the solid-liquid interface.
  • To enable sensor re-use and anion detection in both organic solvents and pure water.
  • To compare the performance of XB interfaces with solution-phase XB receptors and hydrogen bonding (HB) congeners.

Main Methods:

  • Covalent immobilization of a BODIPY-bis(iodo)triazole receptor onto glass slides via amide bond formation.
  • Development of a XB monolayer architecture on a solid support.
  • Fluorescence-based detection of anions at the solid-liquid interface.
  • Comparative analysis of XB and HB interfaces in solution and on surfaces.

Main Results:

  • Successful creation of a reusable XB monolayer sensor for anion detection.
  • Demonstrated anion sensing capability in both organic solvents and pure water.
  • Surface immobilization largely retained fluorescence sensing performance compared to solution-phase receptors.
  • The XB interface significantly outperformed the HB interface in both binding strength and signal response.

Conclusions:

  • The developed XB monolayer architecture enables robust anion sensing at the solid-liquid interface.
  • This approach facilitates sensor re-use and overcomes solubility issues common in solution-phase sensing.
  • Findings support the translation of solution-phase XB anion receptors into practical molecular film sensing formats.