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Related Concept Videos

Surface Renewal: An Advanced Micrometeorological Method for Measuring and Processing Field-Scale Energy Flux Density Data09:55

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Surface Renewal: An Advanced Micrometeorological Method for Measuring and Processing Field-Scale Energy Flux Density Data
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Hail as a damage vector for renewable energy.

Sara C Pryor1, Rebecca J Barthelmie2

  • 1Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

Iscience
|January 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary

New models assess hail damage to wind turbines and solar panels. Hail may cause wind turbine blade coating failure and frequent damaging events for solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in the US.

Keywords:
atmospheric observationenergy resourcesenvironmental science

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Area of Science:

  • Renewable Energy Engineering
  • Atmospheric Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Wind turbines and solar photovoltaic (PV) panels are critical renewable energy sources globally.
  • Their operational reliability and maintenance costs are influenced by meteorological conditions, particularly severe weather events like hail.
  • Current data on hail damage is insufficient for cost-benefit analyses of mitigation strategies in these industries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel, robust, and transferable models for assessing hail damage.
  • To quantitatively describe the geospatial and temporal variability of hail damage relevant to the wind and solar sectors.
  • To provide data for cost-benefit analyses of hail damage mitigation.

Main Methods:

  • Development of quantitative models for hail damage assessment.
  • Analysis of hail frequency, size, and geospatial/temporal distribution.
  • Application of models to wind turbine and solar PV assets in the continental US.

Main Results:

  • In the south-central US, wind turbine blade coatings are predicted to fail at least once in 25 years due to precipitation erosion, with hail causing 38% of this damage.
  • The southeastern US is projected to experience 20 or more potentially damaging hail events annually for solar PV systems.
  • Models provide direct applicability to wind and solar industries for risk assessment.

Conclusions:

  • Hail poses a significant risk to the longevity and operational efficiency of wind turbines and solar PV infrastructure.
  • The developed models offer crucial insights for industry stakeholders to evaluate and implement hail damage mitigation strategies.
  • Accurate assessment of hail variability is essential for the economic viability and reliability of renewable energy assets.