The power and the promise of epigenetic drugs in oncology

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Epigenetics
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Epigenetic dysregulation is a hallmark of cancer, influencing carcinogenesis from initiation to treatment resistance.
• Epigenetic alterations are frequent, relevant, and reversible, making them attractive therapeutic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the primary epigenetic mechanisms regulating gene expression.
• To summarize current knowledge on available epigenetic drugs (epidrugs).
• To focus on epidrug mechanisms of action and clinical trial status.

Main Methods:

• Scoping review methodology.
• Literature search for epigenetic mechanisms and epidrugs.
• Analysis of drug mechanisms and clinical trial data.

Main Results:

• Overview of key epigenetic regulatory mechanisms.
• Identification of currently available epidrugs.
• Summary of ongoing clinical trials investigating epidrugs.

Conclusions:

• Epigenetic therapies are advancing with improved specificity and reduced toxicity.
• Targeting epigenetic alterations represents a significant therapeutic avenue in cancer treatment.
• Further research and clinical trials are crucial for optimizing epidrug efficacy.