Clinical outcomes of lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone in multiple myeloma patients

To investigate the clinical benefits of the combination therapy involving lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone in treating multiple myeloma (MM).

This retrospective analysis included 182 patients with MM treated between January 2022 and June 2025. The patients were divided into a Lenalidomide group (n=93) and a control group (n=89). Before and after treatment, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), β₂-microglobulin, monoclonal protein, myeloma cells, serum calcium (CA), hemoglobin (Hb), free light chain (FLC), serum creatinine (Scr), Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were compared between the groups. Adverse reactions were also recorded and compared. A nomogram model was established and evaluated using RStudio.

The Lenalidomide group showed a significantly better therapeutic response than the control group (P<0.05). The β₂-microglobulin, monoclonal protein, myeloma cells, CA, FLC-κ, FLC-λ, Scr and BUN in the nalidomide group were lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05). Conversely, Hb and LDH levels were higher among patients receiving lenalidomide (both P<0.05). After treatment, the VAS score in the lenalidomide group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The results of the receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the area under curve was 0.942 [95% CI (0.907-0.977)]. The actual curve predicted by the nomogram model is similar to the ideal curve.

Lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone, demonstrate significant clinical efficacy in treating multiple myeloma.