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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Assessment of DNase Activity by Ratiometric Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer

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Published on: July 25, 2025

Residual eDNA in eRNA Extracts Skews eRNA-Based Biodiversity Assessment: Call for Optimised DNase Treatment.

Fuwen Wang^1,2, Wei Xiong^1,2, Xuena Huang¹

¹Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Molecular Ecology Resources

|January 19, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Environmental DNA (eDNA) contamination can lead to false positives in environmental RNA (eRNA) metabarcoding, overestimating biodiversity. DNase treatment is crucial for accurate eRNA biodiversity assessments.

Keywords:

DNase treatment biodiversity assessment environmental DNA environmental RNA false positives

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Biodiversity in the Ecosystem

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Area of Science:

Ecology
Molecular Ecology
Environmental Monitoring

Background:

Environmental RNA (eRNA) metabarcoding is a key tool for biodiversity assessment.
Co-extracted environmental DNA (eDNA) can cause false positive species detections in eRNA studies.
Distinguishing true eRNA signals from eDNA contamination is a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify the impact of residual eDNA on eRNA-based biodiversity assessments.
To evaluate the effectiveness of DNase treatment in mitigating eDNA carryover effects.
To assess shifts in species richness and community composition due to eDNA contamination.

Main Methods:

Utilized a freshwater river receiving wastewater treatment plant effluent as a model system.
Compared DNase-treated and untreated eRNA samples to assess eDNA influence.
Analyzed fish species richness and community composition changes.

Main Results:

Untreated eRNA samples showed over 25% higher taxonomic richness compared to treated samples.
Residual eDNA inflated taxon abundances, with some taxa showing over 10-fold increases.
Community composition analyses revealed significant distortions caused by eDNA contamination.

Conclusions:

Co-extracted eDNA significantly distorts eRNA biodiversity estimates, creating false positives.
DNase treatment is essential for accurate contemporary community profiling using eRNA.
Optimized DNase treatment protocols are recommended for standardized and reliable eRNA monitoring.