Ocular Imaging in Intraocular Lymphoma: A Review

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Medical Imaging
• Oncology

Background:

• Intraocular lymphomas (vitreoretinal, choroidal) mimic other ocular diseases, causing diagnostic delays.
• Early clinical suspicion through imaging is crucial for timely referrals and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the diagnostic and prognostic value of multimodal imaging features in intraocular lymphomas.
• To highlight discriminative biomarkers for vitreoretinal or choroidal lymphoma and differentiate from other diagnoses.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of current evidence on imaging modalities.
• Analysis of findings from fundus photography, OCT, FAF, FA, ICG, OCTA, and ultrasound.
• Focus on characteristic imaging biomarkers and longitudinal changes.

Main Results:

• Specific multimodal imaging features can raise suspicion for intraocular lymphomas.
• Key findings help differentiate lymphoma from benign or other malignant conditions.
• Longitudinal imaging changes assist in tracking disease progression and treatment response.

Conclusions:

• Multimodal imaging plays a vital role in the early diagnosis of intraocular lymphomas.
• Consolidated imaging findings facilitate accurate diagnosis and appropriate patient management.
• This review provides a comprehensive guide for identifying these rare ocular malignancies.