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Dynamic droplet behavior for analyte localization on phase change liquid infused surfaces.

Gregory Parisi1, Allison Elliott1, Samantha A McBride1

  • 1Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, 3451 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. sammcb@seas.upenn.edu.

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Phase-change liquid-infused surfaces (PC-LIS) dynamically control droplet behavior and microparticle deposition. These adaptable surfaces offer new methods for localizing analytes, like microplastics, for environmental sensing.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Phase-change liquid-infused surfaces (PC-LIS) offer tunable interfacial properties via oil/wax phase transitions within micro/nanotextures.
  • PC-LIS can switch between solid states (pinned droplets) and liquid states (mobile droplets) using thermal control.
  • This dynamic switching enhances lubricant durability against abrasion and shearing compared to static LIS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate how PC-LIS surface morphology and phase state control drop evaporation dynamics.
  • To investigate the impact of PC-LIS on microparticle deposition outcomes.
  • To enable new methods for analyte localization for environmental sensing, particularly for dilute contaminants like microplastics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized phase-change liquid-infused surfaces (PC-LIS) with tunable surface morphology and phase states.
  • Controlled droplet evaporation dynamics and microparticle deposition by manipulating PC-LIS phase transitions (solid/liquid states).
  • Employed model plastic microparticles and real microplastics from bottled water for testing analyte localization capabilities.

Main Results:

  • Phase-switching in PC-LIS precisely controls contact angle hysteresis, sliding angle, and droplet evaporation modes.
  • PC-LIS significantly reduces deposit footprint, enabling effective analyte localization.
  • Demonstrated successful concentration of microplastics using evaporating drops on PC-LIS in the liquid configuration.

Conclusions:

  • PC-LIS provides precise control over droplet mobility and deposition footprint, crucial for environmental sensing applications.
  • The ability to localize dilute analytes like microplastics using PC-LIS is a significant advancement.
  • PC-LIS surfaces can be reverted to a solid state post-analysis, facilitating subsequent detection methods.