Cost-effectiveness of One-Time Universal Childhood Hepatitis C Screening in the United States
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Universal Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) screening in children at ages 2 and 10 is cost-effective. This approach identifies more cases than risk-based screening, improving health outcomes and potentially lowering long-term healthcare costs.
Area Of Science
- Pediatric infectious diseases
- Public health policy
- Health economics
Background
- Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection during pregnancy is rising, increasing the number of infants exposed perinatally.
- Current pediatric screening relies on risk-based methods, leading to undiagnosed cases.
- Universal screening in pregnancy is recommended, but follow-up for children is inconsistent.
Purpose Of The Study
- To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of universal Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) screening for children at ages 2 and 10.
- To compare universal screening against the current standard of risk-based screening for children with prenatal HCV exposure.
Main Methods
- A Markov model simulated HCV natural history and evaluated cost-effectiveness.
- Assessed universal screening at ages 2 and 10 independently versus risk-based screening.
- Calculated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) against a $50,000/QALY willingness-to-pay threshold.
Main Results
- Universal HCV screening at age 2 was cost-effective (ICER=$8,774/QALY gained).
- Universal HCV screening at age 10 was also cost-effective (ICER=$4,404/QALY gained).
- Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings across various prevalence and screening rates.
Conclusions
- Universal childhood screening for Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is a cost-effective strategy.
- National guidelines should consider implementing universal screening, especially when integrated with routine pediatric blood tests.
- Early detection through universal screening can improve long-term health outcomes for children exposed to HCV.
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