Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug-Receptor Bonds01:25

Drug-Receptor Bonds

4.2K
Drug-receptor bonds are formed through various chemical forces when drugs interact with target cells. Covalent bonds, strong and irreversible, are exemplified by DNA-alkylating anticancer agents that inhibit cell division. However, such irreversible drug binding lacks selectivity and can modify the DNA of the surrounding healthy cells. Covalent binding often contributes to tissue toxicity, as seen with chloroform and paracetamol metabolites binding to the liver, causing hepatotoxicity.
In...
4.2K
Bond Energies and Bond Lengths02:49

Bond Energies and Bond Lengths

31.2K
Stable molecules exist because covalent bonds hold the atoms together. The strength of a covalent bond is measured by the energy required to break it, that is, the energy necessary to separate the bonded atoms. Separating any pair of bonded atoms requires energy — the stronger a bond, the greater the energy required to break it.
31.2K
Peptide Bonds02:43

Peptide Bonds

82.3K
A peptide bond covalently attaches amino acids through a dehydration reaction. One amino acid's carboxyl group and another amino acid's amino group combine, releasing a water molecule. The resulting bond is the peptide bond. The products that such linkages form are peptides. As more amino acids join this growing chain, the resulting chain is a polypeptide. Each polypeptide has a free amino group at one end. This end has the N-terminal, or the amino-terminal, and the other end has a free...
82.3K
Bonding in Metals02:32

Bonding in Metals

52.0K
Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”. 
52.0K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

128.9K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
128.9K
Covalent Bonds01:29

Covalent Bonds

159.9K
Overview
159.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Strong interactions between carbones and halogen atomic centers.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

Ability of carbenes to act as Lewis bases within a halogen bond.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same author

Effects of Halogen Bond, Hydrogen Bond, and π-Tetrel Bond on the Internal CC Bond of Halogenated Ethylene.

Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry·2026
Same author

Noncovalent Bonding of Group 4 Metals.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Involvement of O Atoms of Carboxyl Group in Hydrogen and Halogen Bonds.

Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry·2025
Same author

Be(CO)<sub>3</sub> as a Nontraditional Lewis Base Engaging in Halogen Bonding.

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Drug-Receptor Bonds
01:25

Drug-Receptor Bonds

4.2K

Constructing an Optimum Receptor Based on Trifurcated Chalcogen Bonding.

Akhtam Amonov1, Steve Scheiner2

  • 1Department of Optics and Spectroscopy, Institute of Engineering Physics, Samark and State University, University blv. 15, Samarkand 140104, Uzbekistan.

Inorganic Chemistry
|January 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Bivalent chalcogen atoms can form three chalcogen bonds (ChBs) to nucleophiles, enabling the design of novel receptors. This study explores trifurcated ChBs for molecular recognition, with potential applications in host-guest chemistry.

More Related Videos

Using a GFP-tagged TMEM184A Construct for Confirmation of Heparin Receptor Identity
10:41

Using a GFP-tagged TMEM184A Construct for Confirmation of Heparin Receptor Identity

Published on: February 17, 2017

8.5K
Constructing and Visualizing Models using Mime-based Machine-learning Framework
06:19

Constructing and Visualizing Models using Mime-based Machine-learning Framework

Published on: July 22, 2025

2.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Drug-Receptor Bonds
01:25

Drug-Receptor Bonds

4.2K
Using a GFP-tagged TMEM184A Construct for Confirmation of Heparin Receptor Identity
10:41

Using a GFP-tagged TMEM184A Construct for Confirmation of Heparin Receptor Identity

Published on: February 17, 2017

8.5K
Constructing and Visualizing Models using Mime-based Machine-learning Framework
06:19

Constructing and Visualizing Models using Mime-based Machine-learning Framework

Published on: July 22, 2025

2.3K

Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Chemical Bonding
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Bivalent chalcogen (Y) atoms typically exhibit two σ-holes, enabling two chalcogen bonds (ChBs).
  • In aromatic systems, these σ-holes can coalesce, forming an extended positive region.
  • This extended positive region facilitates trifurcated ChBs to three nucleophiles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the formation of trifurcated chalcogen bonds (ChBs).
  • To design and computationally evaluate novel receptors capable of engaging in trifurcated ChBs.
  • To explore the influence of receptor structure and solvent on ChB interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Computational chemistry methods were employed to study molecular interactions.
  • Design of receptors featuring multiple nucleophilic nitrogen atoms.
  • Calculation of interaction energies for complexes with S, Se, and Te chalcogenadiazoles.

Main Results:

  • A receptor with three amine groups and flexible ethyl linkers showed significant interaction energies with S, Se, and Te chalcogenadiazoles (9.7, 13.9, and 20.5 kcal/mol, respectively).
  • Rigid pyridine-based receptors were identified as optimal when considering binding rather than just interaction energy.
  • Complexes retained considerable interaction energies (5-16 kcal/mol) even when immersed in water.

Conclusions:

  • Trifurcated chalcogen bonds offer a unique mode of molecular recognition.
  • Receptor design, including linker flexibility and core rigidity, significantly impacts binding affinity.
  • Chalcogen bonding interactions remain robust in aqueous environments, suggesting potential for biological and materials applications.