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Executive function and working memory impairments in hearing loss: Impact on speech-in-noise perception.
Mehmet Can1, Emre Soylemez2, Zehra Aydogan3
1Audiometry Program, Vocational School of Health Services, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey.
Applied Neuropsychology. Adult
|January 19, 2026
Summary
Hearing loss (HL) impairs cognitive functions like executive function and working memory, negatively impacting speech-in-noise (SIN) perception. Hearing aids (HA) and cochlear implants (CI) may help mitigate these effects.
Area of Science:
- Audiology
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Hearing loss (HL) significantly impacts speech-in-noise (SIN) perception and cognitive functions.
- The influence of hearing assistive technologies, such as hearing aids (HA) and cochlear implants (CI), on these cognitive and auditory abilities is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effects of HL on cognitive functions and SIN perception.
- To investigate whether HA and/or CI use modifies these effects in individuals with hearing impairment.
Main Methods:
- Participants were categorized into three groups: Unaided Group (UaG), Aided Group (AG - HA/CI users), and Control Group (normal hearing).
- Cognitive functions were assessed using the Stroop test, digit span forward (DSF), and digit span backward (DSB) tests.
- SIN performance was measured using word lists at a +10 dB signal-to-noise ratio in white noise.
Main Results:
- Significant differences were found between the control group and HL groups in Stroop and DSB test results (p < 0.05).
- Stroop scores correlated significantly with SIN performance (p < 0.05) and HL severity (p < 0.05).
- DSB scores also correlated significantly with HL severity (p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
- Hearing loss is associated with deficits in executive function and working memory.
- These cognitive deficits are linked to poorer speech-in-noise perception.
- Interventions for hearing loss should consider both auditory and cognitive rehabilitation.
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