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Related Concept Videos

Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition02:33

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Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
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Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing02:39

Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing

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Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
14.6K
Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation02:39

Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation

20.7K
The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules...
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Phase Diagrams02:39

Phase Diagrams

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A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
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Switching of BJT01:22

Switching of BJT

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Switching behavior in Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) is a fundamental aspect utilized in various electronic circuits, particularly for digital logic applications like switches and amplifiers. In a typical switching circuit, a BJT alternates between cut-off and saturation modes, corresponding to the "off" and "on" states, respectively, thus behaving like an ideal switch.
Cut-off Mode ("Off" State): In this state, both the emitter-base and collector-base junctions are...
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Giant Thermal Switching via Phase Transition in MoTe2.

Zhuyao Chang1, Nemo McIntosh2, Zhao Liu1

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Researchers engineered molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2) to control heat flow. A phase transition dramatically increased thermal conductivity by 270%, enabling dynamic thermal management in electronics and energy harvesting.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Nanoscience
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Tailor-made thermal properties are crucial for electronics thermal management and energy harvesting.
  • Dynamically controlling heat conduction states offers real-time heat flow management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate phase-engineering in MoTe2 for tunable thermal conductivity.
  • To explore the potential for dynamic control of heat flow in 2D materials.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized phase-engineering in Molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2).
  • Performed first-principles calculations to analyze thermal conductivity changes.
  • Investigated the role of four-phonon processes in different polymorphs.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a ~270% increase in thermal conductivity at room temperature upon phase transition (2H to 1T').
  • Identified distinct four-phonon process effects in the 2H and 1T' phases as the cause.
  • Demonstrated ultrafast and reversible 2H ↔ 1T' phase transitions.

Conclusions:

  • Phase-engineering in MoTe2 offers a pathway to giant, tunable thermal conductivity.
  • The reversible phase transition can be triggered by electric fields, light, and THz pulses.
  • This provides a novel mechanism for advanced thermal management and energy harvesting applications.