Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Author Spotlight: Integrating Tai Chi with Mindfulness Training to Achieve an Effective Mind-Body Exercise
Published on: July 14, 2023
Effects of hypoxic training cycle on peripheral hemodynamics of wrestlers
Georgiy A Demchenko1, Serik Abdreshov1, Laura Koibasova1
1INSTITUTE OF GENETICS AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE SCIENCE COMMITTEE OF THE MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND HIGHER EDUCATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN, ALMATY, KAZAKHSTAN.
Objective:
Aim: To monitor peripheral hemodynamics in the upper and lower extremities of wrestlers practicing different wrestling styles to control adaptive changes in the body after a cycle of interval hypoxic training with intense physical activity.
Patients And Methods:
Materials and Methods: The athletes trained intensively in a hypoxic chamber for 21 days, 2 hours a day. We monitored their ECG, heart rate, and central and peripheral hemodynamic parameters. The results obtained were processed using traditional methods of variation statistics in the Microsoft program Excel (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, Washington, DC, USA). The arithmetic means, and the deviations (M + SE) were calculated as %. The significance of the difference in means was assessed using the Fisher and Student t-test.
Results:
Results: Hypoxic training with varied loads using simulators and sparring resulted in the positive physiological adaptation of athletes. Interval hypoxic training for 120 minutes with an intense load and normoxic breaks at an O2 concentration of 14.2% to 12% effectively improved the hemodynamics of wrestlers. The changes affected all studied parameters of the cardiovascular system. Vascular reactions during muscular work were aimed at hydrodynamic optimization of the circulatory system. Complex changes in blood flow and elastic-viscous properties of blood vessels worked to optimize heart function during physical exercise. Higher elastic resistance of large arteries provided the necessary increase in blood flow rate in large, medium, and small arteries and veins.
Conclusion:
Conclusions: These results justify using interval hypoxic training with physical activity to increase the functionality of the cardiovascular system, peripheral hemodynamics, and microvasculature in the body of athletes. Based on the above, we could recommend an intense hypoxic training cycle with physical activity in 24 120-minute workouts with a protein and vitamin food supplement to increase the wrestlers' cardiovascular system functional capacity.
Related Concept Videos
What are Biogeochemical Cycles?
The Water Cycle
The Phosphorus Cycle
The Nitrogen Cycle
The Carbon Cycle
The Sulfur Cycle

