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Maternal Obesity and MicroRNAs in Breast Milk: Implications for Infant Developmental Programming
Gyslane M Santos1, Fabíola Isabel Suano de Souza2, Luciana P Pisani1
1Department of Bioscience, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.
Summary
Maternal obesity alters breast milk microRNAs (miRNAs), potentially affecting infant development and long-term health. Understanding these changes is crucial for infant nutrition and disease prevention.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Biology
- Developmental Biology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Maternal obesity is linked to altered breast milk composition.
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in breast milk are critical regulators of infant metabolic and immune pathways.
- Specific miRNAs may influence offspring's long-term health outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the relationship between maternal obesity and breast milk miRNA expression.
- To explore how these miRNA alterations impact infant developmental programming.
- To understand the role of maternal factors in shaping milk miRNA profiles.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating maternal obesity and breast milk miRNA.
- Analysis of identified miRNAs and their regulatory functions.
- Examination of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and dietary patterns' influence.
Main Results:
- Maternal obesity significantly alters the expression of specific breast milk miRNAs.
- Identified miRNAs (e.g., miR-148a, miR-30b) are implicated in metabolic regulation.
- Maternal factors like BMI and diet are key determinants of milk miRNA content.
Conclusions:
- Altered breast milk miRNA profiles due to maternal obesity may impact infant metabolic programming.
- These changes can influence offspring growth, energy balance, and chronic disease risk.
- Further research is needed to inform targeted nutritional interventions for maternal obesity.
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