School Bag Design and Weight: A Narrative Review of Their Impact on Children's Posture and Musculoskeletal Health

In recent years, the issue of school bag design and its impact on children's posture has garnered significant attention among educators, parents, and health professionals alike. As students are required to carry increasingly heavy loads of educational materials, the design and weight of school bags can profoundly affect their physical well-being. Improperly designed bags, often exceeding recommended weight limits, can lead to poor posture, spinal misalignment, and long-term musculoskeletal issues. Furthermore, as school-age children are still developing, the physical stresses associated with poorly designed or overloaded bags exacerbate their vulnerability to posture-related problems. This study aims to examine the relationship between various aspects of school bag design, such as ergonomics, weight distribution, and overall functionality, and the posture of school children as reported by their parents. By highlighting these associations, the research seeks to inform guidelines for improving school bag designs to promote healthier postural habits in children.