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Related Concept Videos

Blood Transfusion01:15

Blood Transfusion

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Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
Blood Transfusion Overview
A blood transfusion is a medical procedure used to replace blood lost due to injury, surgery, or to treat conditions such as anemia or cancer. During a transfusion, donor blood is...
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Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
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Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Factors Affecting Solubility04:01

Factors Affecting Solubility

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Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
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Transcription Elongation Factors02:35

Transcription Elongation Factors

13.5K
Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA...
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Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Miscellaneous Factors01:19

Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Miscellaneous Factors

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Drug distribution in the human body is a complex process influenced by various individual factors, including age, pregnancy, obesity, diet, body water composition, pH levels, and specific disease conditions.
Age plays a significant role due to differences in body composition among different age groups. Infants, for instance, have a higher proportion of total body water and lower albumin levels, a protein that binds drugs in the bloodstream. This unique composition in infants enhances the...
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Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery
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Factors Affecting Intraoperative RBC Transfusion in Cerebrovascular Surgery.

Noriyuki Yahagi1, Yushiro Take1, Takuma Maeda1

  • 1Cerebrovascular Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, JPN.

Cureus
|January 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intraoperative red blood cell (RBC) transfusions during cerebrovascular surgery were more frequent in patients with low preoperative hemoglobin. Preoperative anemia correction may reduce excessive RBC transfusion risks.

Keywords:
anemiacerebrovascular surgerypreoperative hemoglobinred blood cell transfusionred cell concentrate

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Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions
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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • Allogeneic blood transfusions carry risks.
  • Cerebrovascular surgery may necessitate transfusions.
  • Limited research exists on transfusion factors in cerebrovascular surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Identify factors associated with intraoperative red blood cell (RBC) transfusions in cerebrovascular surgery.
  • Compare transfusion frequencies between elective and emergency cases.
  • Analyze the impact of patient factors and procedures on transfusion rates.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 1,145 patients undergoing cerebrovascular surgery (Jan 2019 - Nov 2023).
  • Categorized patients into elective and emergency groups.
  • Examined intraoperative RBC transfusion, excessive transfusion, and volume exceeding blood loss, considering age, sex, procedure, and preoperative hemoglobin (Hgb).

Main Results:

  • Intraoperative RBC transfusion was higher in elective surgery for arteriovenous malformation (AVM) removal and in patients with Hgb <12 g/dL.
  • Emergency surgery showed higher RBC transfusion rates in patients with Hgb <12 g/dL.
  • Excessive RBC transfusion occurred more frequently in patients with Hgb <12 g/dL, regardless of surgery type (elective/emergency).

Conclusions:

  • Preoperative hemoglobin levels <12 g/dL are a significant risk factor for intraoperative RBC transfusion and excessive transfusion in cerebrovascular surgery.
  • Surgical procedure type did not influence excessive intraoperative RBC transfusion rates.
  • Preoperative anemia management is crucial to mitigate transfusion risks in these patients.