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Related Experiment Video

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Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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[Cognitive functioning in psychotic spectrum disorders: current status and clinical implications].

G H M Pijnenborg, N Boonstra, L de Haan

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    Cognitive impairments are common in psychotic spectrum disorders (PSS) but often overlooked. Cognitive remediation (CR) shows benefits for improving cognitive function and daily life in PSS patients.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Psychiatry
    • Cognitive Psychology

    Background:

    • Cognitive impairments affect ~70% of individuals with psychotic spectrum disorders (PSS), significantly impacting daily functioning.
    • These deficits are often underrecognized clinically and lack specificity for DSM classification.
    • Cognitive deficits were historically central to the concept of dementia praecox.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide a comprehensive literature overview of cognitive function in psychotic spectrum disorders.
    • To highlight the prevalence, course, and impact of cognitive impairments in PSS.
    • To review current treatment strategies and their effectiveness.

    Main Methods:

    • Systematic review and summarization of existing literature on cognition in PSS.
    • Analysis of findings from neuroimaging and genetic studies related to cognitive dysfunction.
    • Evaluation of the efficacy of pharmacological treatments and cognitive remediation.

    Main Results:

    • Patients with PSS exhibit lower scores across most cognitive domains compared to the general population, with considerable inter-patient variability.
    • No single cognitive deficit is unique to PSS; screening post-first psychotic episode is recommended (e.g., MATRICS battery).
    • Cognitive remediation (CR) demonstrates beneficial effects, while pharmacological treatments offer only modest improvements.

    Conclusions:

    • Integrating systematic cognitive screening and CR into PSS treatment plans can enhance patient functioning and quality of life.
    • Despite recommendations, the practical availability of cognitive remediation remains limited.
    • Further research and implementation strategies are needed to address cognitive deficits in PSS.