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Sensing Spin Precession with Free Electrons.

Antonín Jaroš1, Michael S Seifner1, Johann Toyfl1

  • 1Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Atominstitut, USTEM, Technische Universität Wien, Stadionallee 2, Vienna 1020, Austria.

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|January 20, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new technique combining spin resonance spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging. It allows direct observation of microwave-driven spin transitions within materials.

Keywords:
electron paramagnetic resonanceelectron spin resonancefree electronmicrowave spectroscopyspinspin precessiontransmission electron microscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful tool for nanoscale imaging.
  • Characterizing spin dynamics in materials at the nanoscale is crucial for developing advanced electronic and magnetic devices.
  • Existing methods for probing spin transitions often lack spatial resolution or require specialized equipment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel method for localized, in situ detection of microwave (MW)-driven spin transitions.
  • To utilize the free-space electron beam of a TEM as a signal receiver for spin spectroscopy.
  • To enable nanoscale exploration of spin excitations.

Main Methods:

  • Combining spin resonance spectroscopy with TEM.
  • Using the TEM's magnetic field for spin state polarization.
  • Employing a custom microresonator for continuous wave MW excitation at GHz frequencies.
  • Utilizing phase-locked detection synchronized to MW fields to isolate spin precession signals.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated localized in situ detection of MW-driven spin transitions.
  • Successfully used the TEM electron beam as a signal receiver.
  • Achieved phase-locked detection of spin precession-induced electron beam deflection.
  • Showcased the capability to probe spin excitations at the nanoscale.

Conclusions:

  • The presented technique offers a new pathway for nanoscale spin excitation studies.
  • This method enables direct visualization of spin dynamics within materials.
  • It opens possibilities for in situ characterization of spin-related phenomena in advanced materials.