Magnetically-guided, stimuli-responsive microdevices for endovascular therapy

Current endovascular aneurysm treatments rely on catheter-based delivery systems, which inherently restrict access to tortuous anatomies and small-caliber vessels. To address this limitation, we introduce a tetherless microdevice platform that combines magnetic guidance with near-infrared (NIR) triggered shape-memory polymer (SMP) deployment for wireless aneurysm therapy. In this system, an external actuator magnet steers a microdevice-integrated effector magnet through anatomically realistic silicone vascular phantoms, while melanin-doped PLA structures enable precise NIR-induced shape recovery. Because NIR light penetrates biological tissue, deployment can be activated non-invasively from outside the body. The platform supports two device architectures tailored to different clinical needs: a spiral flow disruptor with a retrievable magnet for partial inflow modulation and a petalloid occluder designed for permanent sealing of narrow-neck aneurysms. Their navigation behavior was modelled using a flow-responsive, magnetically modulated stick-slip (F-MMSS) framework that captures the influence of pulsatile flow and wall interactions. Experimentally, magnetic steering was demonstrated under physiologically relevant flow rates and NIR activation achieved reliable deployment through ex vivo tissue. Particle image velocimetry and computational fluid dynamics confirmed substantial reductions in intra-aneurysmal velocity across multiple geometries. Material characterization further verified that PLA-melanin composites exhibit suitable bio and hemocompatibility for preliminary use. Together, these results establish a proof-of-concept platform for wireless navigation and remote deployment of endovascular microdevices, motivating future in vivo evaluation.