Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 22, 2026
05:30
Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
Published on: September 8, 2023
1.1K
Noncooperative Quantum Networks
Yanxuan Shao1,2, Jannik L Wyss1,2,3, Don Towsley4
1Northwestern University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
Physical Review Letters
|January 20, 2026
Summary
Adding more entanglement to quantum networks can decrease fidelity in noncooperative protocols. This quantum selfish routing effect hinders optimal resource use in large-scale quantum communication.
Area of Science:
- Quantum communication
- Quantum information science
- Network protocols
Background:
- Current quantum communication protocols rely on pre-allocated entanglement resources.
- High-fidelity entanglement between distant parties is established via local operations and classical communication.
- It is generally assumed that network fidelity increases with the entanglement budget.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between entanglement budget and fidelity in noncooperative quantum communication protocols.
- To identify potential obstacles to resource optimization in large quantum networks.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of noncooperative protocols in quantum networks.
- Exploration of scenarios involving nonpure states and varying entanglement allocations.
- Identification of a quantum analog to selfish routing.
Main Results:
- Demonstration that fidelity can decrease as entanglement resources increase in noncooperative protocols with nonpure states.
- Identification of a quantum effect analogous to selfish routing.
- This effect poses a challenge to the efficient utilization of resources in quantum networks.
Conclusions:
- The monotonic increase of fidelity with entanglement budget is not universally true for noncooperative quantum protocols.
- Quantum selfish routing can negatively impact entanglement fidelity.
- This finding presents a significant obstacle for optimizing resource allocation in large quantum networks.
Related Concept Videos
02:43Quantum Numbers
49.4K
It is said that the energy of an electron in an atom is quantized; that is, it can be equal only to certain specific values and can jump from one energy level to another but not transition smoothly or stay between these levels.
49.4K
02:45The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom
56.7K
Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
56.7K
02:26Protein Networks
4.5K
An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
4.5K
02:26Protein Networks
2.8K
2.8K
02:18Network Covalent Solids
16.1K
Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
16.1K
01:25Network Function of a Circuit
660
Frequency response analysis in electrical circuits provides vital insights into a circuit's behavior as the frequency of the input signal changes. The transfer function, a mathematical tool, is instrumental in understanding this behavior. It defines the relationship between phasor output and input and comes in four types: voltage gain, current gain, transfer impedance, and transfer admittance. The critical components of the transfer function are the poles and zeros.
660