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Energy contribution from ultra processed foods in peruvian children
Marianella Miranda-Cuadros1, Miguel Campos-Sánchez2, Gustavo Cediel Giraldo3
1Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú.
Revista Peruana De Medicina Experimental Y Salud Publica
|January 20, 2026
Summary
Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) contributed 27% of energy intake in Peruvian children aged 6-35 months. Consumption was linked to age, poverty, and time of year, highlighting nutritional concerns.
Area of Science:
- Nutrition Science
- Public Health
- Pediatric Nutrition
Background:
- Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are increasingly prevalent in diets worldwide.
- Understanding UPF consumption patterns in young children is crucial for public health initiatives.
- National surveys in Peru provide data to assess dietary trends in children aged 6-35 months.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the energy contribution of UPFs in children aged 6-35 months in Peru.
- To examine the association between UPF consumption and social and demographic factors.
- To analyze trends using national survey data from 2008-2019.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from Peruvian national surveys (2008–2010, 2015–2016, 2019).
- Employed multistage stratified random sampling and 24-hour dietary recalls.
- Analyzed UPF (Nova 4 group) energy contribution and consumption prevalence using adjusted statistical models.
Main Results:
- UPFs accounted for 27% of total energy intake among 2887 children.
- 86% of children consumed UPFs, primarily from milk/dairy (19%) and cereals (5%).
- Consumption was associated with child's age, poverty level, and calendar quarter.
Conclusions:
- UPFs are a significant energy source for children aged 6-35 months in Peru.
- Key contributors to UPF energy intake include milk/dairy products and cereals.
- Age, poverty, and seasonality influence UPF consumption patterns in this age group.
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