Effects of Losartan on Musculoskeletal Tissues : Basic Science and Clinical Applications

Area of Science:

• Orthopaedic Surgery
• Regenerative Medicine
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Musculoskeletal fibrosis significantly impairs healing and outcomes after orthopaedic procedures.
• Current orthopaedic care largely underaddresses the challenge of fibrosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the effects of losartan on musculoskeletal fibrosis.
• To evaluate losartan's mechanistic rationale, preclinical results, delivery methods, and potential in orthopaedics.

Main Methods:

• Review of preclinical models and existing literature on losartan's antifibrotic effects.
• Analysis of losartan's mechanism involving TGF-β1 signaling inhibition.
• Exploration of delivery strategies and translational potential.

Main Results:

• Losartan reduces myofibroblast activity and extracellular matrix deposition.
• Preclinical studies show improved histology and mechanics in cartilage injury, joint capsule fibrosis, tendon-bone healing, and muscle regeneration.
• Efficacy depends on timing, delivery route, and injury microenvironment; biomaterials may enhance delivery.

Conclusions:

• Losartan provides a targeted antifibrotic therapy with a familiar clinical profile.
• It holds significant potential to enhance surgical and rehabilitation outcomes in orthopaedics.