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Chronic effects of pyriminobac-methyl on the growth and developmental impacts in Pomacea canaliculata
Zhaohuan Lu1, Xiao Yan1, Junxia Shi2
1Non-Polluting Pesticide Research, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Abstract:
To investigate the impact of the commonly used pyriminobac-methyl (PM) residue in rice fields on P. canaliculata, we exposed it to sublethal concentration of 1.9 mg/L and 0.019 mg/L. Growth measurements and transcriptomic analysis showed a biphasic impact at these concentrations. Toxicity tests showed that the Lethal Concentration 10 % of pyriminobac-methyl for small P. canaliculata was 19.27 mg/L at 72 h. At 0.019 mg/L, it boosted the size and weight of P. canaliculata and increased digestive enzyme activity, while 1.9 mg/L inhibited growth and reduced enzyme activity. Histopathological analysis indicated foot and liver damge affecting feeding. Transcriptomic analysis identified BXL2 and CelA as key genes in energy metabolism, with 0.019 mg/L lower enhancing and 1.9 mg/L reducing their expression, impacting growth and their role in regulating enzyme activities and growth was confirmed by RNA interference. The underlying mechanism may involve the synergistic expression of the BXL2 and CelA genes in response to the PM, leading to a biphasic effect. These dual responses likely contribute to the uncontrolled spread of the species. Understanding the mechanisms behind these biphasic effects provides valuable insights for controlling P. canaliculata spread globally and mitigating its ecological consequences.
Insights
Pyriminobac-methyl (PM) in rice fields has a biphasic impact on P. canaliculata. Low concentrations boost growth and enzyme activity, while higher concentrations inhibit growth and cause organ damage, potentially driving invasive spread.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Toxicology
- Molecular Biology
- Pest Management
Background:
- Pyriminobac-methyl (PM) is a widely used herbicide in rice cultivation.
- Pest snails, such as P. canaliculata, are frequently exposed to herbicide residues in agricultural environments.
- Understanding the ecological impact of these residues is crucial for effective pest management and environmental protection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the biphasic effects of pyriminobac-methyl (PM) on the snail P. canaliculata.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these responses, focusing on energy metabolism genes.
- To provide insights for controlling the spread of P. canaliculata.
Main Methods:
- Exposure of P. canaliculata to sublethal concentrations of PM (0.019 mg/L and 1.9 mg/L).
- Growth measurements, toxicity tests (LC10), and histopathological analysis (foot and liver).
- Transcriptomic analysis to identify key genes (BXL2, CelA) and RNA interference validation.
Main Results:
- A biphasic dose-dependent effect of PM on P. canaliculata was observed.
- Low PM concentration (0.019 mg/L) enhanced growth and digestive enzyme activity.
- High PM concentration (1.9 mg/L) inhibited growth, reduced enzyme activity, and caused foot and liver damage.
Conclusions:
- PM exposure significantly impacts P. canaliculata physiology and energy metabolism via BXL2 and CelA gene regulation.
- The observed biphasic effects, driven by synergistic gene expression, may contribute to the uncontrolled spread of P. canaliculata.
- Findings offer critical insights for developing strategies to manage P. canaliculata populations and mitigate ecological risks.
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