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Predictable changes within fast-paced sound sequences do not elicit the mismatch negativity: A conceptual in-class

Florian Scharf1, Dagmar Müller2

  • 1Institut für Psychologie, Universität Kassel, Kassel, Germany.

International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology
|January 20, 2026
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Summary

In-class replications can reproduce psychophysiological findings. This study replicated a mismatch negativity (MMN) finding, showing the auditory system detects predictable sound patterns, though individual differences impacted results.

Keywords:
Auditory event-related potentialIn-class replicationMismatch negativity (MMN)PredictionSound pattern extraction

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory perception

Background:

  • Reproducibility is a growing concern in psychological research.
  • In-class replications offer a practical setting for replicating psychophysiological studies.
  • Previous research indicated mismatch negativity (MMN) is elicited by unpredictable auditory stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct an in-class replication of a 1998 study on mismatch negativity (MMN) and auditory processing.
  • To investigate if predictable auditory deviants elicit MMN compared to random deviants.
  • To assess the feasibility of in-class replications for psychophysiological research.

Main Methods:

  • Replicated a subset of conditions from Sussman et al. (1998) in a sample of 25 participants.
  • Presented auditory sequences with infrequent pitch deviants at predictable and random positions.
  • Measured event-related potentials (ERPs) to assess MMN amplitude.

Main Results:

  • Found statistical evidence for ERP differences between predictable and random conditions in the MMN time window.
  • Consistent with original findings, predictable deviants did not elicit MMN.
  • Bayesian analysis revealed significant inter-participant variability in the random condition, obscuring a reliable MMN.

Conclusions:

  • The auditory system appears to extract regular patterns from fast, task-irrelevant auditory input.
  • In-class replications are a viable method for psychophysiological research.
  • Inter-individual differences in auditory stream segregation may explain variability in MMN responses.