Prenatal ultrasound diagnoses fetal amniotic band syndrome causing fetal gastroschisis: A case report

Amniotic band syndrome (ABS) is a congenital disease which occurs before 12 weeks of gestation. The rupture of the fiber bundle or fiber sheath around the embryo or fetus, resulting in the fetal development of this site is affected, eventually leading to deformity. But now, there are few case reports of abdominal wall fissure and visceral valgus caused by ABS. This case can broaden our horizon and let us learn more about ABS.

Female, 25 years old, the yellow race, primiparida, color ultrasound in early pregnancy and color doppler ultrasound at 11 to 13 weeks suggest ABS. The patient and her family decided to oral mifepristone tablets and misoprostol drug to treat abortion. On the third day of drug treatment, a dead fetus was discharged from the body, and we observed that both the appearance of thoracic and abdominal wall and left foot are in accord with prenatal ultrasound diagnosis. The fetal copy number variation-seq results were"no triploid variation was detected; no chromosome aneuploid variation and known or suspected microdeletion/microduplication variation above 100 kb were detected."

Fetal subsequent growth and development will be seriously affected by the fetal gastroschisis, so, drug treatment is mainly treatment currently. Most of the ABS cases are sporadic cases, but also some familial cases are reported occasionally, therefore, not only can we diagnose this disease by ultrasound at 11 to 13 weeks, but also we can combine couples' chromosome and genetic testing to exclude the related genetic variation, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of ABS familial cases.