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Taming a Maxwell's demon for experimental stochastic resetting.

Rémi Goerlich1,2,3, Minghao Li4, Luís B Pires3,5

  • 1Tel Aviv University, Raymond & Beverly Sackler School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.

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Stochastic resetting (SR) is a nonequilibrium process. This study shows how information thermodynamics enables control over SR, converting heat into work and minimizing energetic costs, akin to a Maxwell

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Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Statistical Physics
  • Information Theory

Background:

  • Stochastic resetting (SR) is a fundamental process in nature, crucial for target searching efficiency.
  • SR is a nonequilibrium thermodynamic process presenting unique challenges and questions.
  • Recent advances in experimental information thermodynamics offer new tools to study and control SR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate thermodynamically controlled stochastic resetting (SR).
  • To explore the conversion of heat into work via SR using information thermodynamics.
  • To experimentally evaluate the energetic cost of SR and its relation to information erasure.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental implementation of SR using a time-dependent optical trapping potential.
  • Application of information thermodynamics principles to analyze SR.
  • Development of a protocol to measure the energetic cost of information erasure in SR.

Main Results:

  • SR was shown to continuously convert heat into work from a single bath without feedback.
  • The energetic cost of SR was evaluated and found to be reducible to a reversible minimum, bounded by the Landauer limit.
  • Experimental trajectories demonstrated the nonergodic nature of the SR process, akin to a Maxwell's demon.

Conclusions:

  • Information thermodynamics provides powerful experimental tools for controlling nonequilibrium processes like SR.
  • Thermodynamically controlled SR offers new insights into fundamental physics and potential applications.
  • The study highlights the connection between information erasure, work extraction, and nonergodicity in physical systems.