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Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a biomarker and driver of inflammatory diseases. This review explores cfDNA

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cGAS‐STING pathwaycell‐free DNAinflammationinflammatory disorderstoll‐like receptors

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Inflammatory disorders involve complex immune responses.
  • Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) plays a dual role as a biomarker and mediator in inflammation.
  • Understanding the cfDNA-inflammation interplay is crucial for disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review immune signatures in inflammation, focusing on the cfDNA-inflammation cycle.
  • To discuss cfDNA detection methods and biomarker applications.
  • To explore cfDNA-based therapeutic strategies for inflammatory diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of immune signatures in inflammation.
  • Analysis of cfDNA detection strategies and clinical applications.
  • Examination of cfDNA-based intervention design principles and nanotechnologies.
  • Review of precision treatment strategies for specific inflammatory conditions.

Main Results:

  • cfDNA is implicated in innate immune responses and inflammatory cascades.
  • Various cfDNA detection strategies offer diagnostic potential.
  • cfDNA-based interventions, utilizing nanotechnologies, show promise for inflammation regulation.
  • Precision treatment approaches are being developed for diseases like IBD, RA, and sepsis.

Conclusions:

  • cfDNA presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities for inflammatory disorders.
  • Advanced nanotechnologies are key to developing effective cfDNA-based interventions.
  • Translational challenges and clinical considerations must be addressed for cfDNA therapies.