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Causal Association Between Atrial Fibrillation and Depression: Evidence From Mendelian Randomization Analyses.

ZhiFei Sun1, XiaoDing Wang1, QingHe Zhao2

  • 1Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai'an City, China.

International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine
|January 21, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) causally increases depression risk. This study used Mendelian randomization to confirm a significant link between AF and a higher incidence of depression.

Keywords:
atrial fibrillationdepressionmendelian randomization analyses

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Psychiatry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia.
  • Depression is a prevalent mental health disorder.
  • The causal relationship between AF and depression requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal effect of atrial fibrillation on the incidence of depression.
  • To utilize a robust Mendelian randomization approach to assess this relationship.

Main Methods:

  • A two-sample Mendelian randomization study was performed.
  • Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from large cohorts were used for AF and depression.
  • Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) meta-analysis and various sensitivity analyses were conducted.

Main Results:

  • Genetically predicted atrial fibrillation was significantly associated with an increased risk of depression.
  • The combined odds ratio for depression was 29.19 (95% CI = 4.43-192.13, P < 0.001).
  • Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings, with no evidence of significant pleiotropy.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides strong evidence for a causal link between atrial fibrillation and depression.
  • Individuals with genetically predicted AF have a substantially higher risk of developing depression.
  • These findings highlight the importance of considering mental health in AF management.