The Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - A Retrospective Cohort Analysis

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) presents the significant health concern globally, especially among women of reproductive age. Despite its prevalence and varied manifestations, diagnostic criteria remain inconsistent, with limited regional data, particularly in areas such as North Karnataka, India.

This retrospective analysis aimed to fill these gaps by examining the prevalence and associated factors of PCOS in this region. Utilizing electronic medical records from Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Medical Sciences and Hospital over 5 years, a cohort of 884 women diagnosed with PCOS was analyzed alongside an age-matched control group. The diagnosis of PCOS was based on the Rotterdam criteria.

The study found a PCOS prevalence of 70.3%, among the participants. Significant associations were observed between PCOS and factors such as age, marital status, physical activity, and BMI. Although obesity was prevalent among PCOS patients, dietary habits did not exhibit significant associations. Analysis of biochemical parameters highlighted hormonal dysregulation, emphasizing the importance of hormonal profiling in PCOS diagnosis.

This study offers valuable insights into the epidemiology of PCOS in North Karnataka, highlighting the necessity for tailored interventions and further research to enhance comprehension and management of this complex syndrome.