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Episodic memory deficits and processes in post-COVID condition.

Silvia Oliver-Mas1, Jordi A Matias-Guiu1, Cristina Delgado-Alonso1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with post-COVID condition (PCC) exhibit significant episodic memory deficits, impacting encoding, learning, and retrieval. These memory issues correlate with attention and are worsened by subjective complaints.

Keywords:
COVID-19CognitionLong COVIDMemoryNeuropsychology

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Infectious Disease Research

Background:

  • Cognitive dysfunction, particularly episodic memory impairment, is a common symptom in post-COVID condition (PCC).
  • Previous research has highlighted deficits in episodic memory, but comprehensive assessments of specific memory processes in PCC are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively investigate and characterize memory function in patients diagnosed with post-COVID condition.
  • To compare memory performance between PCC patients and healthy controls.
  • To explore correlations between episodic memory, other cognitive functions, and subjective memory complaints in PCC.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 157 patients with PCC and 74 healthy controls.
  • Participants completed a detailed neuropsychological evaluation including the Loewenstein-Acevedo Scale for Semantic Interference and Learning (LASSI-L), Free and Cued Selective Reminding test (FCSRT), and Open-Trial Selective Reminding Test (OT-SRT).
  • Statistical analyses compared group performance and examined correlations between memory scores and various cognitive and clinical assessments.

Main Results:

  • Patients with PCC demonstrated significantly reduced performance on LASSI-L, FCSRT, and OT-SRT compared to controls.
  • Memory performance showed moderate positive correlations with attention and low positive correlations with language, visuospatial, and executive functions.
  • Subjective memory complaints were linked to poorer memory performance, with LASSI-L being most associated with these complaints, while OT-SRT was least affected by attention.

Conclusions:

  • Post-COVID condition is associated with widespread episodic memory impairments, affecting initial encoding, learning, acquisition, storage, and retrieval.
  • Memory deficits in PCC are characterized by susceptibility to semantic interference and only partial improvement with cues or recognition.
  • Findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to address specific memory deficits in PCC patients.