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Explaining away the illusion of consensus.

Saoirse Connor Desai1, Jacqueline Fai2, Jaimie Lee2

  • 1School of Clinical and Health Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia. saoirse.c.d@gmail.com.

Memory & Cognition
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The illusion of consensus, where repeated claims from one source seem credible, can be influenced by explanations. Positive explanations boost perceived credibility, while negative ones decrease it, impacting trust in repeated information.

Keywords:
ConsensusCredibilityExplanationJudgmentReasoningRepetition

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Media Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Consensus among information sources typically signals trustworthiness.
  • An "illusion of consensus" can occur when multiple sources cite a single origin, creating a false sense of credibility.
  • Repetition is often perceived as a cue for credibility, contributing to this illusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether explanations for claim repetition affect the "illusion of consensus."
  • To determine if positive (source reliability) or negative (persuasion intent) explanations alter perceptions of dependent consensus.
  • To assess if these effects differ when explanations are experimenter-provided versus self-generated.

Main Methods:

  • Four experiments were conducted using a political poll-reporting task.
  • Participants assessed confidence in claims presented as independent consensus, dependent consensus without explanation, or dependent consensus with provided or self-generated explanations.
  • Explanations were designed to either boost or undermine the credibility of the repeated source.

Main Results:

  • Independent consensus was consistently more persuasive than dependent consensus.
  • Positive explanations for repetition increased the persuasiveness of dependent consensus.
  • Negative explanations for repetition decreased the persuasiveness of dependent consensus, regardless of explanation source.

Conclusions:

  • Social inference processes significantly contribute to the "illusion of consensus."
  • The perceived credibility of repeated claims is malleable and influenced by contextual explanations.
  • Findings have implications for understanding and mitigating the impact of misinformation and repeated claims in media environments.