Advances of next-generation STAMP inhibitors in chronic myeloid leukemia

Specifically Targeting the ABL1 Myristoyl Pocket inhibitors (STAMPi) have reshaped the management of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Yet, major challenges remain, including resistance and compound mutations, cross-intolerance, and long-term toxicities. Asciminib has shown efficacy in heavily pretreated patients and in the first-line setting, but resistance and limited benefit after ponatinib highlight the need for new therapeutic options.

This review summarizes preclinical and early clinical evidence on next-generation STAMPi. TGRX-678 exhibits potent activity against wild-type and mutant ABL1, including T315I, synergism with orthosteric tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), central nervous system (CNS) penetration, and encouraging phase Ia/Ib clinical activity in heavily pretreated CML. Early but promising data are also emerging for TERN-701 from the CARDINAL trial.

Next-generation STAMPi may extend therapeutic options beyond asciminib by addressing resistant mutations and enabling rational dual-site inhibition. TGRX-678 ability to achieve CNS exposure raises potential in blast phase CML and Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Key questions regarding durability, long-term safety, and optimal integration with ATP-competitive TKIs remain open. Ongoing trials will define the clinical role of these STAMPi and their potential to advance cure-directed strategies, including treatment-free remission.