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    Artificial intelligence (AI) can improve healthcare access globally. However, AI may also worsen health inequities, particularly in low- and middle-income nations.

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    Area of Science:

    • Health Informatics
    • Global Health
    • Artificial Intelligence

    Background:

    • Healthcare access remains a significant challenge globally.
    • The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare presents both opportunities and risks.
    • Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) face unique barriers to equitable healthcare access.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the potential of AI to expand healthcare access worldwide.
    • To investigate the risks of AI exacerbating existing health inequities.
    • To focus on the specific implications for LMICs.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of AI applications in healthcare.
    • Analysis of case studies from various income settings.
    • Examination of ethical and socioeconomic factors influencing AI adoption.

    Main Results:

    • AI demonstrates potential for remote diagnostics and personalized treatment, increasing access.
    • Algorithmic bias and data disparities can lead to inequitable outcomes.
    • Implementation challenges in LMICs include infrastructure, cost, and workforce training.

    Conclusions:

    • AI can be a powerful tool for enhancing global health equity if implemented thoughtfully.
    • Addressing potential biases and ensuring equitable distribution are crucial for AI in healthcare.
    • Policy interventions are needed to mitigate risks and maximize benefits of AI in LMICs.