Validated DLLME-LC-MS/MS for rapid determination of aflatoxins in commercial seasoning powders
Sofiyatul Akmal Salim1, Mohd Nazri Ismail1
1Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
Abstract:
Seasoning powders are widely used to enhance food flavour but can be contaminated with aflatoxins, toxic compounds that pose health risks. This study developed and validated a rapid, sensitive method for detecting AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 in seasoning powders. The technique involved dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) with chloroform and acetonitrile, followed by HPLC-MS/MS analysis. Key extraction factors were optimised using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on a Box-Behnken Design (BBD) to ensure robustness in this complex matrix. The optimal conditions were determined to be 200 μL chloroform, 2 mL acetonitrile, and 5% salt. The method showed excellent linearity (R2 > 0.99), low detection limits (0.125-0.5 ng g-1), and good recovery (94-115%). It was applied to 21 commercial samples from Penang, Malaysia, and aflatoxins were detected in 4 samples-all below regulatory limits. This validated method is effective for routine aflatoxin monitoring in complex food matrices, helping ensure food safety.
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