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Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Adolescent Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders: A Systematic Review.

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Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) show promise in reducing alcohol and drug use among adolescents. These interventions may also improve impulsivity and stress reactivity in youth who use substances (YWUS).

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Adolescent substance use presents a significant treatment challenge.
  • Traditional treatments for youth who use substances (YWUS) have shown modest efficacy.
  • Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are emerging as a potential therapeutic approach for this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the efficacy of MBIs for reducing substance use and improving psychological functioning in YWUS.
  • To adhere to PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a systematic literature search across major databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Web of Science).
  • Included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing MBIs to control interventions in YWUS (ages 12-21).
  • Extracted data on study design, participant characteristics, MBI/control conditions, and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Analyzed 23 eligible studies from 21 trials involving 2297 participants.
  • Found significant heterogeneity in study designs, interventions, and populations.
  • Over two-thirds of studies reported positive outcomes favoring MBIs for reducing substance use.

Conclusions:

  • MBIs demonstrate potential for small to moderate reductions in alcohol and drug use among YWUS.
  • Preliminary evidence suggests MBIs may improve impulsivity and stress reactivity.
  • Further research is needed due to heterogeneity and limited focus on illicit substances.