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Probing quantum mechanics with nanoparticle matter-wave interferometry
Sebastian Pedalino1,2, Bruno E Ramírez-Galindo1,2, Richard Ferstl1,2
1Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Nature
|January 21, 2026
Summary
Researchers demonstrated quantum interference in large sodium nanoparticles, extending quantum mechanics to macroscopic scales. This breakthrough pushes the boundaries of quantum superposition and opens new avenues for quantum technologies.
Area of Science:
- Quantum Physics
- Nanotechnology
- Materials Science
Background:
- Quantum superposition is counterintuitive at macroscopic scales.
- Understanding how quantum properties change with object size is crucial.
- Matter-wave interferometry probes quantum behavior of massive particles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate quantum superposition in large metal clusters.
- To extend matter-wave interference to a new class of quantum objects.
- To explore the persistence of quantum phenomena at larger scales.
Main Methods:
- Developed an experimental platform for matter-wave interference.
- Utilized sodium nanoparticles with over 7,000 atoms.
- Measured quantum interference and macroscopicity of nanoparticles.
Main Results:
- Achieved quantum interference with sodium nanoparticles (mass > 170,000 Da).
- Demonstrated propagation in a Schrödinger cat state.
- Reached a macroscopicity value of μ = 15.5, an order of magnitude beyond previous experiments.
Conclusions:
- Successfully extended matter-wave interference to large metal clusters.
- Validated quantum principles in a qualitatively new material class.
- Pushed the limits of quantum superposition towards macroscopic scales.
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