[Precision surgical treatment for middle and low rectal cancer in the era of artificial intelligence]

Precise preoperative assessment and the development of individualized surgical strategies are critical determinants in minimizing operative risks and enhancing surgical outcomes, serving as a cornerstone for improving long-term patient survival. The application of artificial intelligence technology in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer offers new insights for achieving individualized surgical treatment of mid-low rectal cancer. By utilizing deep learning algorithms to analyze extensive imaging data, such as CT and MRI, AI provide surgeons with quantitative insights to support surgical planning, selection of approaches, and extend of lymphadenectomy. Moreover, augmented reality (AR) technology enables real-time intraoperative tumor localization, visualization of anatomical dissection planes, and navigation toward metastatic lymph nodes. These capabilities facilitate maximal tumor resection while preserving critical organs and vessels, thereby reducing the incidence of complication. Furthermore, through the integration of multi-modal data, AI facilitates the development of predictive models for early detection and dynamic monitoring of postoperative complications, supports precision interventions. In conclusion, AI promotes the evolution of surgical treatment for mid-low rectal cancer toward fully personalized and precision-based paradigms.