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FAQs About Pharmacist Management of Uncomplicated Lower Urinary Tract Infections.
Michael Klepser1, Ross Tsuyuki2, Nathan P Beahm3
1College of Pharmacy, Ferris State University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA.
The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
|January 22, 2026
Summary
Pharmacist-led management safely and effectively treats cystitis, improving patient access to evidence-based care. International data supports these models for quality, safety, and antimicrobial stewardship.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice
- Infectious Diseases
- Healthcare Management
Background:
- Nontraditional care models are crucial for enhancing access to evidence-based treatments.
- Cystitis management requires timely and effective interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and efficacy of pharmacist-led cystitis management.
- To assess the impact of these models on patient access and antimicrobial stewardship.
Main Methods:
- Review of international studies (Canada, New Zealand, UK, US) on pharmacist-led cystitis management.
- Analysis of established protocols used by pharmacists.
- Evaluation of data on quality, safety, and antimicrobial stewardship outcomes.
Main Results:
- Pharmacists can safely and effectively manage cystitis using established protocols.
- These models improve patient access to timely cystitis treatment.
- Antimicrobial stewardship is maintained within pharmacist-led care models.
Conclusions:
- Pharmacist-led cystitis management is a safe and effective model of care.
- International experience provides robust data for implementing and optimizing these services.
- These models enhance healthcare delivery by improving access and maintaining quality.
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