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Increasing Trend in Pediatric Brazilian Jiu Jitsu Injuries Presenting to US Emergency Departments and an Injury
Morgan E Hasegawa1, Kyle K Obana2, Julian B Rimm1
1Division of Orthopaedics, University of Hawai'i.
Insights
Pediatric Brazilian Jiu Jitsu (BJJ) injuries are rising, with sprains, strains, and fractures being common. Head and shoulder injuries are most frequent in young BJJ athletes.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Pediatric Traumatology
- Martial Arts Research
Background:
- Brazilian Jiu Jitsu (BJJ) is a growing martial art with limited research on pediatric injuries.
- Understanding injury trends and profiles is crucial for prevention and treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze trends in pediatric BJJ injuries over a decade (2012-2021).
- To establish an injury profile for young BJJ practitioners.
- To inform healthcare professionals about pediatric BJJ-related injuries.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database from the US CPSC.
- Queried data for martial arts injuries between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2021.
- Analyzed injury codes and narratives for patients aged 18 and younger involved in BJJ.
Main Results:
- Identified 8,357 estimated pediatric BJJ injuries, with a significant increasing trend from 2012-2021 (P < .001).
- Most injured were males (70.4%) with an average age of 11.6 years.
- Common injuries included sprains/strains (28.3%) and fractures (20.1%), with head (14.2%), shoulder (9.8%), and lower arm (8.9%) being most affected.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric BJJ injuries show a significant upward trend, necessitating targeted safety measures.
- The study provides a comprehensive injury profile, aiding in clinical management.
- Further research can focus on specific injury mechanisms and prevention protocols in pediatric BJJ.
Abstract:
Brazilian Jiu Jitsu (BJJ) is an increasingly popular martial arts discipline. Yet, BJJ injuries remain understudied in light of increasing popularity. In particular, pediatric injuries have a dearth of literature examining epidemiologic trends and injury profiles. As such, this study's purpose was to evaluate trends in pediatric Brazilian Jiu Jitsu (BJJ) injuries over a 10-year period and formulate an injury profile. The US Consumer Product Safety Commission's (CPSC) National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database was queried for martial arts related injuries from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2021. Codes, and narratives were examined to compile data for patients 18 years of age or younger sustaining BJJ-related injuries. In the study period there were 7722 recorded martial arts related injuries (national estimate [NE]= 282 315) , with 264 (NE= 8357) pediatric BJJ related injuries identified. In all, 70.4% of the patients were male, and the average age was 11.6 years of age (range 4-18).There was a statistically significant increasing linear trend in pediatric BJJ injuries from 2012 to 2021 (P< .001). Most injuries were treated in emergency departments without admission. The most common diagnoses weresprains/strains (28.3%), fractures (20.1%), and the most injured body parts were head (14.2%), shoulder (9.8%), and lower arm (8.9%). This study presents novel data concerning pediatric BJJ injuries epidemiology and injury profile, providing useful information for health care professionals to treat these patients.
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