Citral-Loaded Self Nano-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System Suppresses Metastasis and Enhances Apoptosis in SW620 Colon...

Area of Science:

• Natural Product Chemistry
• Cancer Biology
• Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

• Colorectal cancer incidence is rising globally.
• Natural products like citral offer potential therapeutic avenues.
• Citral-loaded self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery systems (CIT-SNEDDS) show promise.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the apoptosis-inducing and anti-metastatic effects of CIT-SNEDDS on colon cancer cells.
• To assess the efficacy of CIT-SNEDDS compared to free citral and empty SNEDDS.
• To explore CIT-SNEDDS as a potential therapeutic agent for colorectal cancer.

Main Methods:

• Utilized Acridine Orange/Propidium Iodide and Annexin V assays to detect apoptosis.
• Performed cell cycle analysis via flow cytometry.
• Assessed anti-metastatic potential using scratch and trans-well assays on SW620 cells.

Main Results:

• CIT-SNEDDS significantly reduced colon cancer cell viability in a dose-dependent manner.
• Confirmed apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest at S and G2/M phases by CIT-SNEDDS.
• Demonstrated significant inhibition of SW620 cell migration and invasion with CIT-SNEDDS treatment.

Conclusions:

• CIT-SNEDDS effectively induces apoptosis, disrupts the cell cycle, and inhibits cancer cell migration.
• These properties align with targeted cancer therapy goals.
• CIT-SNEDDS shows therapeutic potential for colorectal cancer, warranting further preclinical investigation.