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Related Concept Videos

Continuous Charge Distributions01:17

Continuous Charge Distributions

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Imagine a bucket of water. It contains many molecules, of the order of 1026 molecules. Thus, although it contains discrete elements (molecules) at the microscopic level, macroscopically, it can be considered continuous. Small volume elements of water, infinitesimal compared to the bulk of the bucket's volume, still contain many molecules. Under this framework, quantized matter is approximated as continuous for practical purposes.
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The normal distribution is a useful statistical tool. One of its practical applications is determining the door height after considering the normal distribution of heights of persons, such that many can pass through it easily without striking their heads. The normal distribution can also determine the probability of a person having a height less than a specific height.
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Induced Electric Fields: Applications01:27

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An important distinction exists between the electric field induced by a changing magnetic field and the electrostatic field produced by a fixed charge distribution. Specifically, the induced electric field is nonconservative because it does not work in moving a charge over a closed path. In contrast, the electrostatic field is conservative and does no net work over a closed path. Hence, electric potential can be associated with the electrostatic field but not the induced field. The following...
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The volume of distribution refers to the theoretical volume necessary to contain the entire amount of an administered drug at the same concentration observed in the blood plasma. The body's intracellular fluid compartment, which makes up two-thirds of the total body water, is contrasted with the extracellular fluid compartment—comprising plasma and interstitial fluid—that accounts for one-third. The volume of distribution can vary depending on the characteristics of the drug.
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F Distribution01:19

F Distribution

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The F distribution was named after Sir Ronald Fisher, an English statistician. The F statistic is a ratio (a fraction) with two sets of degrees of freedom; one for the numerator and one for the denominator. The F distribution is derived from the Student's t distribution. The values of the F distribution are squares of the corresponding values of the t distribution. One-Way ANOVA expands the t test for comparing more than two groups. The scope of that derivation is beyond the level of this...
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Continuing care describes the variety of health, personal, and social services provided over a prolonged period. The need for continuing care is increasing because people are living longer. Many people do not have families or others to care for them. Continuing care is mainly for patients who are disabled, functionally dependent, or suffering from a terminal disease. It is available within institutional settings or in homes. Examples include nursing centers or facilities, assisted living,...
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Continuous 3D Printing-Induced Microparticle Distribution and Application.

Jiawei Sun1,2, Wangjun Xiong1,2, Lidian Zhang3

  • 1Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|January 22, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel refilling-driven mechanism for continuous 3D printing, enabling precise control over microparticle distribution and creating functional 3D structures. This advancement allows for selective particle placement and the one-step fabrication of complex wetting patterns.

Keywords:
continuous 3D printingmicroparticles distributionone-step printingselective separationwetting patterning

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Area of Science:

  • Additive Manufacturing
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D printing offers high-speed, high-resolution fabrication.
  • Continuous printing processes introduce controllable parameters for advanced manufacturing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a refilling-driven particle redistribution mechanism for continuous 3D printing.
  • To enable simultaneous control of microparticle distribution and 3D functionalization.
  • To achieve one-step printing of 2D and 3D wetting patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated microparticle properties (dimension, wettability, quantity ratio) and printing speed.
  • Developed a refilling-driven particle redistribution mechanism.
  • Controlled microparticle motion during the resin refilling process.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated control over microparticle distribution within 3D structures and liquid resin.
  • Achieved selective microparticle separation, including small particle extraction.
  • Successfully printed 2D and 3D wetting patterns in one step by regulating microparticle location.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed mechanism allows versatile control over microparticle distribution for various microparticle types.
  • Enables the fabrication of functional surfaces and microfluidic devices with tailored wetting properties.
  • Expands the application scope of continuous 3D printing beyond structural fabrication.