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Inclusion of Children With Chronic Diseases or Disabilities in Studies Assessing Measurement Properties of Physical

Mahdi Rostami Haji Abadi1, Farzana Sadia1, Sarah A Moore2,3

  • 1Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada.

Journal of Physical Activity & Health
|January 22, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Few physical activity (PA) questionnaires are validated for children with chronic conditions. Studies often exclude these children, with reporting on inclusion/exclusion remaining low despite slight improvements over time.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Measurement Properties
  • Physical Activity Assessment

Background:

  • Systematic reviews identified a gap in physical activity (PA) questionnaire validation for children with chronic conditions or disabilities.
  • Limited data exists on the inclusion or exclusion of these specific pediatric populations in PA measurement studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if PA questionnaires are developed or validated for children with chronic conditions or disabilities.
  • To assess the reporting of inclusion/exclusion criteria for these children in PA studies.
  • To examine trends in reporting over time.

Main Methods:

  • Combined data from 3 systematic reviews of PA questionnaires for children (N=216).
  • Extracted information on study populations and inclusion/exclusion of children with chronic conditions or disabilities.
  • Used Chi-square tests to analyze changes in reporting over time.

Main Results:

  • Only 4% of studies (8 papers) specifically evaluated or developed PA questionnaires for children with chronic conditions or disabilities.
  • 22% of studies reported on inclusion/exclusion criteria, with exclusions (19%) being more common than inclusions (6%).
  • While reporting improved in the latest review (31%), it remained low; common exclusions involved all chronic conditions or limitations in PA participation.

Conclusions:

  • There is a need for more physical activity (PA) questionnaires developed and validated in pediatric populations with chronic conditions or disabilities.
  • Researchers should strive to include children with chronic conditions or disabilities in PA studies whenever feasible to improve representativeness.
Abstract

Keywords:
exercisereliabilityspecial needsvalidity

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