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Comparative Analysis of Muscle Coordination Patterns During Squatting in Trained and Untrained Individuals
1Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Cheongju University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
Journal of Applied Biomechanics
|January 22, 2026
Summary
Trained individuals exhibit superior muscle coordination during squats, activating both trunk and leg muscles. Untrained individuals mainly use leg muscles, highlighting the need for training to improve postural control.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Exercise Physiology
- Motor Control
Background:
- Squatting is a complex closed-kinetic chain exercise requiring intricate muscle coordination.
- Understanding how exercise proficiency affects muscle coordination during squats is crucial for effective training.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare muscle coordination patterns during squatting between trained and untrained individuals.
- To identify differences in muscle synergies and postural control based on exercise experience.
Main Methods:
- Sixteen participants (trained and untrained groups) performed repetitive squats.
- Motion capture and electromyography data were collected.
- Muscle synergy and cluster analyses identified coordination patterns.
Main Results:
- Trained individuals showed coactivation of trunk and leg muscles near the squat's bottom position.
- Untrained individuals primarily coactivated leg muscles.
- Trained participants maintained a more upright posture during the transition phase.
Conclusions:
- Distinct muscle synergies highlight the importance of coordinated trunk-leg activation for postural control in trained individuals.
- Effective trunk-leg coordination is key for stability during the squat's descent-ascent transition.
- These findings can guide training programs to enhance coordination and control in untrained populations.
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