Socioeconomic inequalities and life expectancy in Madrid metro line 5

This study estimates life expectancy by sex and analyzes its relationship with social deprivation along the stations of Madrid Metro Line 5. It also applies a linear model to predict life expectancy in men and women.

A descriptive and analytical study was conducted on the population living within 350 meters of each station (2015-2019). Socioeconomic status was assessed using a deprivation index. Pearson's correlation coefficient was applied to explore the relationship between life expectancy and deprivation by sex. Multiple linear regression models were then used to analyze the influence of index components.

Socioeconomic inequalities were identified along the line. Average life expectancy was 82.29 years in men (95%CI: 80.05-84.54) and 86.95 in women (95%CI: 85.15-89.11). In men, it was inversely related to the deprivation index (r=-0.38; p <0.005). In women, a model including electoral abstention (p <0.005) and unemployment (p <0.005) explained 23% of the variability.

Life expectancy varies along Madrid Metro Line 5. In men, it is associated with socioeconomic status, whereas in women electoral abstention and unemployment stand out. These findings reinforce the need for public health interventions aimed at reducing social inequalities.