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Piezoelectric nanocomposite patch for self-powered bioelectrical stimulation for cardiac tissue engineering.

Hyunjin Kim1, Kannan Badri Narayanan2, Vineet Kumar3

  • 1School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea.

Biomaterials Advances
|January 22, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel piezoelectric elastomeric patch for cardiac tissue engineering. This hybrid patch, featuring dual nanofillers and a fibrous interface, shows promise for self-powered, mechanically interactive cardiac repair.

Keywords:
Cardiac tissue engineeringElectromechanical stimulationMechano-transductionMoS₂Piezoelectric scaffoldTiC

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Engineering

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases cause significant global mortality.
  • Myocardial infarction leads to irreversible heart muscle loss with limited regenerative therapies.
  • Developing effective cardiac tissue engineering (CTE) strategies is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a self-responsive piezoelectric elastomeric patch for CTE.
  • To create a mechanically robust and electrically active scaffold.
  • To enhance early cell attachment and reduce oxidative stress.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite patches with dual nanofillers (TiC and MoS₂).
  • Coating with electrospun polylactic acid (PLA)/PDMS nanofibers as a biointerface.
  • Characterization of material properties (SEM, FTIR, XRD, XPS, mechanical, thermal).
  • Assessment of electromechanical performance under cyclic compression.
  • Evaluation of biological performance using NIH3T3 fibroblasts and H9c2 cardiomyoblasts.

Main Results:

  • The hybrid patch demonstrated balanced mechanical reinforcement and voltage generation (±20-30 mV).
  • All formulations were cytocompatible.
  • The hybrid patch reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to single-filler composites.
  • The nanofiber interface improved cell adhesion and spreading.

Conclusions:

  • A mechanically robust, electrically responsive, and cytocompatible PDMS-based hybrid scaffold was developed.
  • The degradable fibrous bio-interface supports cell attachment and function.
  • This work provides a foundation for self-powered, mechanically interactive cardiac patch platforms.