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Decoding plant cell heterogeneity and dynamics across responses, development, to evolution with single-cell

Dongbo Shi1, Keiko Sugimoto2, Kenji Fukushima3

  • 1RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.

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Single-cell technologies reveal plant cell identity is dynamic and context-dependent, moving beyond static classifications. Integrating multiomic and spatial data captures cellular plasticity from stress responses to evolution.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Genomics
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Traditional plant cell classification relied on static, morphology-based methods.
  • These methods masked cellular heterogeneity and dynamic responses within tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To redefine plant cell identity using advanced single-cell technologies.
  • To explore cellular heterogeneity, developmental trajectories, and responses to environmental cues.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq).
  • Integration of scRNA-seq with spatial transcriptomics and live imaging.
  • Comparative single-cell analyses across species, employing computational strategies for cross-species alignment.

Main Results:

  • Revealed hidden cellular heterogeneity and developmental trajectories in plant tissues.
  • Identified transient, spatially restricted cell states induced by environmental stimuli.
  • Demonstrated conserved cell-type groups and lineage-specific innovations across plant evolution.

Conclusions:

  • Plant cell identity is dynamic, context-dependent, and exists on continuous spectra.
  • Future frameworks should integrate discrete labels with state-based descriptions and multiomic spatial data.
  • This approach captures the full plasticity of plant cells across various timescales.