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The involvement of endogenous brain rhythms in speech processing.

Tanja Atanasova1, Joachim Gross2, Johanna M Rimmele3

  • 1Psychology, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
|January 22, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Brain rhythms are key to speech processing theories, but direct evidence is limited. This review explores oscillation-based models and empirical data, suggesting future research directions for understanding endogenous brain rhythms in speech perception.

Keywords:
Active sensingAsymmetry Sampling in TimeDynamic attending theoryIntrinsic oscillationsSpeech perceptionSpeech segmentation

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Area of Science:

  • Neurobiology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Speech Processing

Background:

  • Endogenous brain rhythms are central to oscillation-based theories of speech perception.
  • These rhythms are hypothesized to influence speech segmentation, attention, and temporal-spectral processing.
  • Empirical evidence linking endogenous rhythms to speech processing is limited due to challenges in distinguishing them from stimulus-evoked responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review prominent oscillation-based theories of speech processing.
  • To examine the supporting empirical evidence from electrophysiological and brain stimulation studies.
  • To propose future research directions for clarifying the role of endogenous rhythms in speech.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of oscillation-based theories (dynamic attending, active sensing, asymmetric sampling, segmentation).
  • Analysis of empirical evidence from electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), and brain stimulation studies.
  • Synthesis of theoretical frameworks and empirical findings.

Main Results:

  • Several oscillation-based theories provide a strong theoretical basis for the role of brain rhythms in speech.
  • Electrophysiological and brain stimulation studies offer indirect support but face methodological challenges.
  • Distinguishing endogenous rhythms from stimulus-evoked responses remains a key hurdle.

Conclusions:

  • Oscillation-based models offer valuable insights into speech perception mechanisms.
  • Further research is needed to provide direct empirical validation of endogenous brain rhythms' role in speech.
  • Future studies should focus on methodologies to isolate endogenous neural oscillations during speech processing.