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Repurposing traditional China Xuan paper for versatile humidity sensing.
Zuowei Wang1,2,3, Qijing Lin4,5,6,7,8,9, Fuzheng Zhang1,2,3
1State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
Microsystems & Nanoengineering
|January 22, 2026
Summary
Xuan paper, traditionally for art, is now a highly sensitive humidity sensor. This novel material offers state-of-the-art performance with simple fabrication, enabling diverse applications.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Sensor Technology
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Xuan paper, known for calligraphy and painting, has not been explored as a functional material.
- Traditional humidity sensors often face a trade-off between high performance and complex fabrication.
Purpose of the Study:
- To repurpose Xuan paper as a high-performance, humidity-sensitive material.
- To develop a simple fabrication process for a novel humidity sensor.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a humidity sensor using Xuan paper, NaCl solution, and carbon ink.
- Characterization of sensor properties including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
- Development of a flexible eight-channel readout circuit with a smartphone application.
Main Results:
- The Xuan paper sensor exhibited state-of-the-art sensitivity over a wide humidity range (11-97%).
- An output variation of up to 2.65 × 10⁴ times was recorded.
- The sensor demonstrated practical applications in environmental monitoring, touch sensing, and motion detection.
Conclusions:
- Xuan paper can be effectively repurposed as a functional material for humidity sensing.
- The developed sensor offers high performance with a simple, low-cost fabrication process.
- This work opens new avenues for utilizing traditional materials in advanced sensor technology.
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