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Unveiling drought-tolerant mungbean genotypes through integrated multi-trait selection.

P S Basavaraj1, Rohit Babar2, Anuja Gangurde2

  • 1ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, 413115, India. bassuptl@gmail.com.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified drought-tolerant mungbean genotypes for improved crop resilience. This study evaluated 122 mungbean (Vigna radiata) varieties under drought stress to find promising lines for breeding programs.

Keywords:
Drought stressDrought toleranceMGIDI indexMulti-traitMungStress indices

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plant Breeding
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Mungbean (Vigna radiata) is a vital, nutritious legume crop.
  • Abiotic stresses, especially drought, significantly reduce mungbean yield.
  • Climate change intensifies drought, threatening legume crop vulnerability and food security.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Identify drought-tolerant mungbean genotypes.
  • Evaluate genetic variability under well-watered and drought-stressed conditions.
  • Assess breeding potential for drought-prone environments.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 122 mungbean genotypes under well-watered and drought-stressed conditions.
  • Assessed drought tolerance using stress indices (STI, GMP), PCA, and MGIDI.
  • Measured key agronomic and physiological traits under stress.

Main Results:

  • Drought stress reduced grain yield by 21.1%, leaf area by 35.4%, canopy greenness by 32.1%, and photosynthetic rate by 51.8%.
  • High heritability and genetic advance were observed for plant height, branches, pods per plant, seeds per pod, transpiration rate, and grain yield.
  • PCA identified yield and physiological traits as crucial for drought tolerance. MGIDI identified 18 promising genotypes, with five showing consistent top performance.

Conclusions:

  • A combination of stress indices, PCA, and MGIDI offers a robust method for selecting drought-tolerant mungbean genotypes.
  • Selected genotypes (e.g., VI003685AG, VI002051BG) show potential as valuable genetic resources for breeding programs.
  • Field validation is necessary to confirm the drought tolerance of identified genotypes before widespread breeding application.