Nanolayered Topsheet Integration for Enhanced Antimicrobial Properties in Sanitary Napkins

Menstrual hygiene practices are a critical health concern, and if neglected, they may lead to reproductive tract infections (RTIs), toxic shock syndrome, and other vaginal diseases. To prevent these conditions, antiseptic and antibacterial properties must be incorporated into sanitary napkins.

In this study, nanolayered topsheets were synthesized by embedding silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) into PVA in Aloe vera extract, which was then coated onto a non-woven fabric. The polymer-entrapped AgNPs in Aloe vera (AgNPs + PVA + Aloe vera) were characterized using UV-visible spectrometry, dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, FTIR, and SEM analyses.

The release kinetics of AgNPs from the coated fabric were studied in simulated vaginal fluid (SVF), showing an initial burst release followed by sustained release. The toxicity of the released nanosilver was evaluated both in vitro using A375 cells and in vivo using zebrafish embryos, establishing a safe dose of 3 μM. The antimicrobial effect of the coated fabric was tested against S. aureus and E. coli, showing clear zones of inhibition.

The AgNPs and the coated fabric demonstrated comparable antimicrobial activity.

This product has potential for use in coating sanitary napkins to provide skin-soothing and antimicrobial effects.